Adrenergic Agonists Practice Test

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• For ocular hypertension, name a topical α2-adrenergic agonist used to reduce intraocular pressure.
• Which of the following statements is not correct?
• Which factor increases the likelihood of systemic side effects from inhaled β2 agonists?
• Chronic overuse of short-acting β2 agonists in asthma can lead to which of the following mechanisms?
• Beta1 receptor stimulation on the kidney promotes which effect?
• Why should salmeterol not be used as monotherapy in asthma?
• Which statement describes a direct-acting effect of epinephrine?
• Which of the following effects is associated with beta3-receptor stimulation?
• Name a direct-acting α1 agonist used as a nasal decongestant and for pupil dilation.
• Characteristics of oxymetazoline include all of the following EXCEPT:
• Which agent is an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension?
• Which drug is a beta1-selective agonist used as an inotrope in heart failure?
• Phenylephrine is used in ophthalmology to produce which effect?
• Midodrine is used to treat which condition?
• Which agents can cause hypokalemia by shifting K+ into cells?
• A bronchial smooth muscle contains which adrenergic receptor?
• Which of the following topical decongestant agents is an alpha1-selective agonist?
• A relatively pure alpha agonist causes all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• Epinephrine is used in the treatment of all of the following disorders EXCEPT:
• Which of the following direct-acting drugs is a relatively pure alpha agonist, an effective mydriatic and decongestant and can be used to raise blood pressure?
• Tachyphylaxis is defined as which of the following?
• Indicate the long-acting topical decongestant agents.
• Which of the following sympathomimetics is related to short-acting topical decongestant agents?
• Beta2 receptor actions include which of the following?
• In anaphylaxis, what is the preferred route and dose for epinephrine?
• Direct effects on the heart are determined largely by which receptor?
• Which statement best describes the role of alpha adrenoreceptors in vascular resistance?
• Indicate the sympathomimetic agent which is combined with a local anesthetic to prolong the duration of infiltration
• Dopamine at low doses produces renal vasodilation via which receptor?
• Which primary tissue mediates bronchodilation when β2 agonists activate receptors?
• What is the effect of low-dose dopamine on renal perfusion?
• Beta1 receptor stimulation includes all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• Epinephrine prolongs the effect of a local anesthetic primarily through activation of which receptor type in vascular smooth muscle?
• Which of the following are probable signs of the anaphylactic reaction to bee stings?
• Isoproterenol typically causes which of the following changes in blood pressure?
• Dopamine has dose-dependent receptor effects. At low doses, which effect is observed?
• Which agent is beta1-selective agonist?
• Oxymetazoline acts primarily on which adrenergic receptor subtype?
• Which effect is related to direct beta1-adrenoreceptor stimulation?
• Which drug is a mixed-acting sympathomimetic?
• Which drug is a beta-1 selective agonist commonly used to increase cardiac contractility?
• Which second messengers are activated by α1-adrenergic receptors, and what is the effect on intracellular calcium?
• Brimonidine mechanism of action?
• Which drug can cause tissue necrosis if extravasation occurs due to α-adrenergic vasoconstriction?
• Indicate the direct-acting sympathomimetic, which is an alpha1, alpha2, and beta1 receptor agonist:
• Brimonidine is used to treat what ocular condition?
• Which statement about inhaled β2 agonists is true?
• Name a long-acting β2 agonist used for maintenance in asthma/COPD.
• Which receptor does midodrine target?
• Name an indirect-acting adrenergic agonist used as a nasal decongestant.
• Which receptor mediates bronchodilation?
• In dopamine’s dose-dependent effects, which is the effect of the lowest dose?
• Which alpha1 agonist is often used in the emergency management of severe hypotension as a vasopressor?
• Which receptor does epinephrine primarily activate to increase heart rate?
• Co-administration of epinephrine with which drug class can cause unopposed α-adrenergic vasoconstriction?
• Which adrenergic receptor is Gi-coupled and inhibits adenylyl cyclase?
• Which of the following agents is an alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2 receptor agonist?
• Epinephrine acts on which receptor subtypes?
• Salmeterol EXCEPT: which statement is incorrect?
• Indicate the indirect-acting sympathomimetic agent:
• Which drug would cause tachycardia due to beta1 stimulation with minimal alpha effects?
• Which drug causes bronchodilation without significant cardiac stimulation?
• Isoproterenol increases AV nodal conduction through stimulation of which receptor?
• Which receptor subtype is primarily responsible for vasoconstriction in vascular beds when activated by catecholamines?
• Isoproterenol produces all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• The effects of sympathomimetics on blood pressure are associated with their effects on which of the following?
• Which direct-acting alpha1 agonist is commonly used as a nasal decongestant and to dilate the pupil for examination?
• What is a common CNS or systemic side effect of β2-agonists?
• Epinephrine produces all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• Indicate the sympathomimetic, which may cause hypotension, presumably because of a clonidine-like effect:
• Epinephrine at low dose predominantly activates which receptors, whereas at high dose it predominantly activates which receptors?
• Why are catecholamines often not given orally?
• If this child has signs of anaphylaxis, what is the treatment of choice?
• Which drug is a beta-adrenergic agonist with cardiostimulatory effect used in heart failure?
• Which of the following sympathomimetics is an effective mydriatic?
• The adverse effects of sympathomimetics include all of the following EXCEPT:
• Which neuromuscular adverse effect is associated with β2-adrenergic agonists?
• Epinephrine decreases intracellular cAMP levels by acting on which receptor subtype?
• In acute asthma management, what is the primary therapeutic effect of inhaled β2 agonists?
• Which adverse effect is least likely with inhaled selective β2 agonists?
• Which sympathomimetic is preferable for the treatment of chronic orthostatic hypotension?
• Terbutaline tocolytic acts by preferentially activating which receptor?
• Ephedrine EXCEPT: which statement is not true?
• Which agent is a direct-acting sympathomimetic that activates alpha1, alpha2, and beta1 receptors?
• What receptor mediates the increase in renin release?
• Why do inhaled selective β2 agonists have fewer cardiac side effects compared with non-selective agonists?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical side effect of albuterol inhalation?
• Indicate the sympathomimetic drug used in a neurogenic hypotensive emergency:
• Activation of β2 receptors to produce bronchodilation occurs primarily in which tissue?
• Activation of which receptor leads to uterine relaxation?
• Sympathetic stimulation is mediated by
• Which effect is primarily mediated by β2-adrenergic agonists?
• Ephedrine causes which of the following effects?
• Primary vascular effect of α1-adrenergic agonists?
• Which agent can reverse norepinephrine extravasation?
• Pheochromocytoma management considerations with adrenergic agonists?
• Which α1-adrenergic agonist treats hypotension during anesthesia?
• In which tissue do alpha- and beta1-adrenergic stimulation produce the same effect?
• Which agent is nonselective beta receptor agonist?
• Indicate the beta1-selective agonist:
• Ephedrine is classified as what type of sympathomimetic?
• Which metabolic effect is characteristic of β2 agonists due to hepatic glycogenolysis?
• Distribution of alpha adrenoreceptor subtypes is associated with all of the following tissues except which?
• All of the following agents are beta receptor agonists EXCEPT:
• Mirabegron acts on which adrenergic receptor?
• Role of epinephrine as adjunct to local anesthesia?
• Mirabegron treats overactive bladder by activating which receptor?
• Which statement about epinephrine is NOT correct?
• Dopamine has dose-dependent receptor effects. List them in order.
• What is tachyphylaxis in the context of adrenergic agonists?
• Which catecholamine is used as a direct β1 agonist with positive inotropic effect and modest chronotropic effect?
• Which agent would cause hyperglycemia due to beta2-mediated hepatic glycogenolysis?
• Which agent is used as a vasopressor in septic shock?
• Isoproterenol is:
• Which indirect-acting agent increases NE release and is used for ADHD?
• Which drug is a long-acting beta2 agonist used in the therapy of asthma?
• Which agent is an alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist that can raise blood pressure when given intravenously?
• Which endogenous catecholamine is the preferred vasopressor in septic shock?
• Which agent is a nonselective beta blocker?
• Which receptor is the primary target of phenylephrine's vasoconstrictive action?
• A group of volunteers are involved in a phase 1 clinical trial of a new autonomic drug. When administered by intravenous bolus, the blood pressure increases. When given orally for 1 week, the blood pressure decreases. Which standard agents does the new drug most resemble?
• Midodrine is used to treat which condition?
• Indicate the sympathomimetic, which may be useful in the emergency management of cardiac arrest.
• Which drug is a nonselective beta-adrenergic agonist used for bradycardia?
• Which agent can reverse norepinephrine extravasation?
• Which statement is NOT correct about adrenergic receptor distribution?
• Which statement best characterizes tachyphylaxis?
• Beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes are located in all of the following tissues EXCEPT which?
• Which systemic effect is least likely with inhaled selective β2 agonists?
• Which drug is a nonselective beta receptor agonist used to increase heart rate and bronchodilate, but may lower diastolic pressure?
• Indirect action includes all of the following properties EXCEPT?
• Which sympathomimetic acts indirectly?
• For acute hypotension during anesthesia, which direct-acting agonist is commonly used?
• Which receptor mediates renin release from renal juxtaglomerular cells?
• Which is a common side effect of inhaled β2 agonists such as albuterol?
• Which agent for maintenance therapy in asthma/COPD?
• Which agent increases conduction velocity in the AV node via β1 stimulation and is used in bradyarrhythmias?
• If epinephrine is given with a nonselective β-blocker, what happens?
• Which receptor mediates the vasoconstrictive mechanism that enhances local anesthetic duration when epinephrine is used?
• A common systemic side effect of β2-agonists is tremor. Which system is primarily involved?
• Identify a short-acting β2-selective agonist for acute bronchospasm.
• Stimulation of the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the eye causes pupil dilation by acting on which muscle?
• Which α2-adrenergic agonist lowers blood pressure by decreasing central sympathetic outflow?
• Which drug is a potent, selective beta2 agonist used for long-term asthma control and has minimal cardiac effects?
• Which receptor activation mediates relaxation of uterine smooth muscle?
• Which of the following sympathomimetics is a beta2-selective agonist?
• Which of the following sympathomimetics is preferable for the emergency therapy of cardiogenic shock?
• Indicate the agent of choice in the emergency therapy of anaphylactic shock:
• A nonselective beta receptor agonist causes all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• Which agent is a mixed-acting sympathomimetic that releases stored catecholamines and has oral activity?
• Which statement best describes adrenergic agonist use in pheochromocytoma?
• Which of the following sympathomimetics is used in the therapy of bronchial asthma?
• Activation of which receptor leads to uterine relaxation?
• Why do catecholamines have poor oral bioavailability?
• Epinephrine produces all of the following effects EXCEPT:
• Which of the following is a long-acting β2 agonist other than salmeterol?
• Which statement is not correct regarding ocular adrenergic physiology?
• Which statement about dobutamine is true?
• Epinephrine increases hepatic glucose via which metabolic pathway?
• The favorable cardiac safety of inhaled selective β2 agonists is due to what property?
• Which direct-acting agonist is nonselective for β-receptors and is used for bradycardia in emergencies?
• Epinephrine causes skeletal muscle vasodilation through which receptor subtype?
• At high doses, dopamine causes vasoconstriction via α1 receptors.
• Hyperglycemia induced by epinephrine can be due to:
• Which statement is true about noncatecholamines and the blood-brain barrier?
• Do noncatecholamines cross the blood-brain barrier?
• How does epinephrine affect hepatic glycogenolysis?
• At intermediate doses, dopamine increases chronotropy and inotropy via which receptor?
• Isoproterenol is contraindicated in which condition?
• Compared with epinephrine, ephedrine produces all of the following features EXCEPT:
• Which statement best describes how pseudoephedrine acts as a nasal decongestant?
• Midodrine targets which receptor?
• Which of the following agents is a nonselective beta receptor agonist?
• Which agent is alpha2-selective agonist?
• Which of the following agents is an alpha2-selective agonist?
• Which β2-selective agonist is used as a tocolytic?
• A pure alpha agonist typically elicits which reflex response?
• Indicate the drug, which is a direct-acting both alpha- and beta-receptor agonist:
• Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine?
• Beta2 receptor stimulation includes all of the following effects EXCEPT: